Q1. How many solar panels are needed to drive a 20kW off-grid solar inverter?
Assuming that a solar panel has a peak power of 300W, that the inverter is 95% efficient, and that you want the system's output to be close to 20kW under peak sunlight conditions, then, theoretically, 64 solar panels would be required. This is a figure based on ideal conditions, in practice you may need more solar panels to compensate for the effects of weather, dust, temperature changes and other factors.
Q2. What happens if I connect too many solar panels to 20kW off-grid solar inverter?
If a solar inverter is connected to solar panels that exceed its design load, its conversion efficiency will be compromised. If too many solar panels are connected, resulting in the generation of a current that far exceeds the maximum input current of the inverter, some of the power will be consumed by the inverter in the form of heat. Moreover, it will also cause the inverter to overheat, reducing its lifespan or even causing permanent damage, leading to fire and other safety risks.